A stroke is a condition in which the blood supply to a part of your brain is interrupted or decreased, inhibiting brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. The rupture or blockage prevents blood and oxygen from reaching the brain’s tissues. This phenomenon creates a medical emergency in which treatment is crucial. A condition which in early action can reduce brain damage and other complications.
The signs of stroke include Sudden Severe headache, vision problems, trouble while walking or talking, difficulty in speech.
What symptoms you may notice?
When the blood flow to the brain decreases, brain tissues get damaged. In a stroke, the blood supply gets cut off. And the symptoms depend on the parts of the brain which are affected by the loss of blood supply.
A person showing symptoms of a stroke should get the earliest treatment possible, for better recovery. It would be really helpful to have thorough knowledge about the signs of stroke
-Numbness and weakness in the arm, leg, and especially on one side of the face
-Extreme Headache- a severe headache, which may be accompanied by vomiting or altered consciousness.
If you or someone you're with maybe having a stroke, pay particular attention to the time the symptoms began. Some treatment options are most effective when given soon after a stroke begins.
Causes-
There are two main types
1)Ischemic stroke
This is the most common type of stroke. It happens when the brain's blood vessels become narrowed or blocked, causing severely reduced blood flow (ischemia).
2)Hemorrhagic stroke
-Trauma ( commonly because of RTA )
-Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
-Uncontrolled blood pressure
-Overtreatment with anticoagulants
-Aneurysm
TIA ( transient ischemic attack )
also known as ministroke which contains symptoms similar to a stroke. A TIA doesn't cause permanent damage. But there is a temporary decrease in your blood supply to the part of your brain, which may last as little as five minutes.
Risk factors for Stroke
Many factors are responsible for making you more susceptible to a stroke. more risk factors you have, there will be more probability of stroke. Like
Risk factors of lifestyle
-Excess consumption of alcohol
-Usage of illegal drugs like cocaine
-Physical inactivity, lack of exercise
Diet-
An unhealthy diet attracts many diseases and increases the chances of stroke salt
What are the Complications of stroke?
During a stroke, some parts or the whole brain lacks blood flow for a specific time. In this condition, a person can develop temporary or permanent disabilities.
You may become paralyzed on one side of your body, or lose control of certain muscles.
A stroke might affect control of the muscles in your mouth and throat, making it difficult for you to talk clearly, swallow or eat. You also may have difficulty with language, including speaking or understanding speech, reading, or writing.
There could be some memory loss seen in stroke patients and many people faces difficulties in thinking, making any judgment.
Treatment for stroke
Proper medical evaluation and emergency treatment are essential to recovering from this condition. And emergency treatment depends on which kind of stroke you’re whether it is ischemic or hemorrhagic.
For ischaemic stroke & TIA (transient ischemic attack)
Both the conditions are caused by similar reasons either because of blood clotting or blockage in the brain. For that reason, they are treated with similar techniques: like
-Antiplatelets and anticoagulants
-Mechanical thrombectomy
-Clot-breaking drugs
-Stents
-Surgery
For ischemic stroke
-Emergency IV administration
-Emergency endovascular procedures
How to recover from this condition
There are 4 main to recover
-Speech therapy
Stroke can cause impairment in speech, and you can face difficulties in verbal communication. In that case, a speech therapist will help you to find new ways of communication
-Cognitive therapy
Many survivors may change their way of thinking and reasoning processes. This can lead to mood changes and behavioral changes. A professional therapist can help you to control your emotion and regain your patterns of thinking.
-Relearning sensory skills
During a stroke, a part of your brain may get affected. which could affect your senses directly.
That may mean that you will not feel things like, temperature or pain very well.
-Physical therapy
Your muscles may get weakened due to the effects of the stroke, and you may find your body not operating like before. So, here a physical therapist could help you regain your strength.